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1860 Atlantic hurricane season - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1860_Atlantic_hurricane
reconstructed its path based on reports from ships in the area. On August 25, a heavy southeasterly gale left the vessel Rocius in a "sinking condition"; her captain and crew were rescued by the crew of the Zurich. A day earlier, the Mary Rusell encountered the storm and sustained some damage.^
Duration August 24 - August 26
Intensity 100 mph (155 km/h) (l -min), Unknown
Hurricane Three
The second storm discovered in contemporary reanalysis was identified based on meteorological reports from a single ship, the Ocean Spray, which experienced a northeast gale shifting to northwest on September 11. Given the intensity of the winds, the cyclone is estimated to have been a Category 1 hurricane, although due to a nearly complete lack of information on the system, its track is unknown with the exception of a single set of coordinates well to the southeast of Newfoundland
Hurricane Four
Category 1 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration September 11 - September 11 Intensity 80 mph (130 km/h) (l-mm), Unknown
A hurricane in the middle of September affected some of the same areas along the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico as the August hurricane. It was first detected on the evening of September 10 in the southeastern Gulf, although its track may be far off from the actual storms movement due to a lack of available information. Its first data point in the hurricane database lists it as possessing sustained winds of 100 mph (160 km/h), placing it at Category 2 intensity on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scaled1 ^ The storm followed a broad northward curve through the central Gulf of Mexico, making landfall along the Mississippi River Delta of Louisiana on the night of September 14J10^ It continued toward the north-northeast, dissipating on September 16.^
Category 2 hurricane (SSHS)
Duration September 11 - September 16 Intensity 100 mph (155 km/h) (I -min), 969 mbar(hPa)
Once again, Balize, Louisiana was directly in the hurricane's path, and suffered heavily as a consequence. The storm lasted from the afternoon on Friday, September 14 to late Saturday
morning. Local reports indicate heavy rain and large hail fell in association with the cyclone, and in Balize, nearly every' structure was destroyed: any buildings that withstood the initial winds were swept away by the ensuing inundation. Floodwaters killed ten people at one location alone in Plaquemines Parish. Residents of the hardest-hit communities were forced to wade to safety, in some cases through water shoulder-high. Northerly winds drove water from Lake Pontchartrain that had already been built up by northeasterly winds southward over small fishing and resort towns along the southern bank of the lake. Sheds, wharves, and bathhouses along that section of the lake were destroyed J11^ Several people drowned in flood waters that covered lower Plaquemines Parish.^ The hurricane drove several ships, including the steamer Galveston,-
ashore
[10]
IS
An article published in The Times-Picayune contrasted this hurricane with the cyclone of August, noting that the two storms were of similar intensity, and although the September system did not last as long in any one location, hydrology played a more significant role: "in August the swamps were nearly dry and the waters from the lake found a natural outlet; whereas, yesterday, the swamp being full, the water rose in the streets of Milneburgh and covered the railroad track for some distance."^ In New Orleans proper, heavy rain and gusty winds were reported, but no flooding was observed. The w orst damage from the hurricane most likely occurred in Biloxi, where the coastline itself was altered by up to 20 to 30 ft (6.1 to 9.1 m) and the lighthouse was swept out to sea. A hotel collapsed amid the disaster, killing at least one person, and loose debris covered the townj1 ^ At East Pascagoula, Mississippi, the sea rose well beyond that of any storm in around 40 years, and nearby a wharf was totally destroyed. Initial estimates placed total damage in the area at $40,000. The storm was just as severe in Mobile. Alabama, and the majority of the $ 1 million in losses there was from lost cotton stored on flooded wharves J11 ^ At Pascagoula, water reportedly rose 7 ft (2.1 m) in 20 minutesJ'°J	•	p
•*3 7c A® AT jeh M -r ■
Tropical Storm Five
The fifth known storm of the year was yet another cyclone first identified in post-season reanalysis. Forming on September 18 well to the north of Puerto Rico, efforts made to piece together wind observations from ships reveal a track that curved toward the northwest, passing about midway between the U.S. East Coast and Bermuda before heading northeast.
Tropical storm (SSHS)