This text was obtained via automated optical character recognition.
It has not been edited and may therefore contain several errors.

---

INDEX
Freeman family (continued)
164-165, 175-177, 237-238; residential and commercial real estate development by,
161-162, 171-174; heirs’ property, 162,164-165, 237-238; Ellis Freeman, 164; beachfront property, 164-165,170-171,174-177, 237-238
Galbraith, Jolm Kenneth, 9 Calpin, Charles J., 9
Gambling industry, 242; in Maryland, 199-200; in Mississippi, 242-243, 248. See also Numbers (illegal lottery)
Gamby, Littleton, 190 Gateway Development LLC (Hilton Head Island, S.C.), 255. See also Brown, Adolph "A. D.”
Gatewood, Askew, 189 Gentilly Woods (New Orleans, La.), 153 George Leary (steamboat), 33, 37-38, 51 Georgia Sea Islands, 8, 163 Gex, E. J., 74
Ghetto of Desire (play), 154 Glymont, Md., 30, 33
Goldstein, Joseph, 225-227. See also Marshall Hall Amusement Park (Washington, D.C.) Great Migration: response of southern industries to, 136; land ownership and, 166-167; heirs’ property and, 167 Gulf and Ship Islancl Railroad, 57 Miss., 57, 75,248 Gulfsidc^Ysseinbly (Waveland, Miss.): ^"“Cyttside Idea,” 53; acquisition of property, s—ffi-62; Jackson House, 61, 69, 70, 76-77,
80; construction and development, 62-63, 68-70, 73-75, 83-85; finances, 62, 68-69, 73, 76-81, 84, 217-219; fund-raising, 62, 72-74, 80-81, 83-84; Sixteenth Section land, 62, 218-219; mort^f^es, bgjlot sales campaign, 69, 77-78; boys’ school, 69-70,
74, 76, 80; youth camps, 70-72; farm, 70; racial uplift and, 70-71; School for Practical Methods for Town and Rural Pastors, 71; spiritual dimensions of, 72, 80, 85, 243; Gulfside Clubs, 73; relations with local whites, 73-76, 79, 244; dedication ceremony, 75; interracial events at, 75-76; Song Fest, 75-76; philanthropic support of, 76-79, 84;
landscaping and maintenance, 77; property taxes, 77-78,79, 217, 243; land sales, 78, 217, 218-219; effects of Great Depression 011, 78-79; health conferences, 79-80; Summer Normal School, 79-80; insurance policy,
80; Central Jurisdiction, 82-84; Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission investigation of, 216-217; civil rights activities at, 217; integration of Methodist church and, 217-219; Hurricane Camille, 241; “Moving Forward’’ capital campaign, 243-244; Ernest 'I'. Dixon Retirement Village, 244; Norris 1 tail, 244; Hurricane Katrina, 244,247-248. See also Jones, Robert E.; Methodist Episcopal (ME) Church; Mississippi Gulf Coast
Hall, Jacquelyn Dowd, 17 Hampton, Va., 220-221 Hampton Institute, 181. See also Bay Shore ,—BPaeJtfind Hotel (Hampton, Va.) (ilancocJ^County, Miss.: business community 5^3-75; health board, 80; sixteenth section land, 218-219 Handy, William Talbot, 218 Harbrant, Robert and Atinc, 137 Harlem, N.Y., 167 Harpers Ferry, W.V., 88 Harris, Abram, 21, 38
Harrison County, Miss., 64,83: U.S. Justice Department lawsuit against, 216 Harvey, Pat, 3,14,72 Healy, Robert G., 213 Hearly, George, 74 Heath, Jack, 23
Heirs property; definition and legal status of,
162-163; causes of, 163-164; geographical distribution of, 163,250; problems with,
164,170-171; shareholders of, 167,239-241, 251-252; exploitation of owners of, 174-175, 237-24l< 251-256; exclusion from federal lending programs, 176; forced partition sales °f. 237, 238-2^1,250-251, 254; efforts to preserve, 239, 251. See also Freeman family; Hilton Head Island, S.C.
Henderson, Edwin B., 112 I lenderson, John, 56
INDEX
Heritage Foundation, 247 Highland Beach, Md.: founding and eaily development, 89-91; lot sales, 90-92, 95-96, 101; Twin Oaks cottagc, 91; relations with neighboring villages, 92, 97-98, 100-102, 112-114; incorporation of, 96-97, 102-103; tensions and divisions among property owners, 97,100-101, 103-106; non-property owners’ criticisms of, 97, 103,105-108; property disputes, 97, 105; privatization of public space in, 99-105; policing and security, 100 101; town charter, 102-103. 108-109; property assessments, 103; commercialization of, 104-106; Ware’s I lotel, 104-106,109; elections, 105; children and childhood, 113-114; decline of (1970s), 230-231. See also Arundel-on-tlic-Bay, Md.; Bay Highlands, Md.; Oyster Harbor, Md.; Venice Bcach (Md.)
Hill, Frank and Lulu: migration to New York City, 166; return to North Carolina, 170; encounters with Jim Crow legal system, 170, 174-175,177; savings and investments, 171. See also Freeman Beach (N.C.); Freeman family Hill, John Bright, 174-175 Hilton Head Island, S.C., 250-257; African American land loss 011, 250-254, 255-256; Africa 11 American bcaches on, 253; forced removal of black landowners from, 255-256 Hilyer, Andrew, 39 Mine, Iv S., 93,-95
Homeowners’ associations. See Property owners’ associations Home Real Estate Realty Company (Carolina Beach, N.C.), 164, 170-171,174-175 Home Realty Company (Wilmington Beach, N.C.), 158 Hoover, Herbert, 53 I lousing Act (1949), 176 Hughes, David, 56 I luntiugton Beach, Calif., 48-49 I lurricancs, 9; 1915 Gulf of Mexico storm, 58; 1916 Gulf of Mexico storm, 64; 1947 Gulf of Mexico storm, 83; 1 lazel, 176; 1933 Atlantic storm, 185; Camille, 241-242; Katrina, 244, 246-248 Hynson, Carroll, 112
Idlewild, Mich., founding and promotion, 92-93
Illinois Central Railroad (I.C.), 65-66. See a/sc Mississippi Gulf Coast Independent Steamboat and Barge Company (Washington, D.C.), 43-47 Informal economy, 14; jitneys, 131,139,145; suppression of, 145, 205-208; boarding houses and hotels, 180, 181, 193, 198; food anc drink stands, 181,185, 186,193; do-drop inns, 181, 198; beaches as sites of, 181, 198, 205-208; ghcttoizaHon and rise of. 187; and urb-m black life and culture, 187; and supj f black-owncd businesses, 187-189 Interior, U.S. Department of, Potomac waterfront conservation, 226 Intracoastal Waterway (ICW), 165-166,175.
See also Army Corps of Engineers; Carolina Bcach, N.C.: Myrtle Grove Sound (N.C.)
Jackson County, Miss., 215
Jaffe, Louis, 135-136
Jamar, William and Margaret, 111-112
James Island, S.C., 180
lane Moseley (steamboat), 34, 36-37, 39,
40-4?. 45
Jefferson, Lewis: entrepreneurial activities,
39; real estate holdings, 39; youth and early adulthood, 39; lawsuits against, 42; charitable work, 42-43, 45; business partnerships, 43-44, 46-47. See also Freedman’s Transportation, Land, and Improvement Company (Washington,
D.C.)
John D. Rockefeller Fund, 76 Johns Island, S.C., 240, 253 Johnson, Edward Bradford, 97 Jones, Horace, 252
Jones, Robert E.: racial identity, 58; education, 59; editor, Southwestern Christian Advocate, 59; appointment as bishop, 59-60; Committee on Interracial Cooperation, 60; purchase of Gulfside property, 61-62; support of Central Jurisdiction, 81-82. See also Gulfside Assembly (Waveland, Miss.); Methodist Episcopal (ME) Church Jordan Lake (N.C.), 211-212