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MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW.
One of the most interesting storms in the meteorological history of ; ;liis section occurred Thursday, August 15, 1901. On Sunday morning, : :he 11th, the following advisory message was received from the Ceii-.ral Office, and furnithed the public:
“Storm warning at 10:15 a. m., disturbance of slight extent central this morning oft the west Florida coast, evidently moving northwest-; ward. May cause severe wind squalls this afternoon and to-night on he west Florida coast.”
During Monday, August 12. fresh southerly winds prevailed, with light thunder squalls from the southeast during the afternoon, 'lhe following message was received from the Central Ofiiee at 3:10 p. in.: “Advisory 3 p. m., disturbance over eastern Gulf. No evidence of narked energy as yet, but may develop, causing squalls dangerous to mall sailing craft in east and middle Gulf.”
This information was given out and published by the afternoon press. On Tuesday, August 13, the storin was central in the middle Gulf, ,outh of Port Eads, La., and at 10:15 a. m., the following message was 'eceived from the Central Office:
“ Advisory, storm central south of Port Eads, increasing in intensity; will probably move up the Mississippi Valley, and may cause brisk easterly to southeasterly winds on the west Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi coasts.”
This information was printed on the morning weather map, sent out ver the telephone, and published by the afternoon press. The con-iitions becoming more threatening as the day advanced the Central ,)ffice sent out the following information, received here at 2:10 p. in.: “Southeast storm warning 2 p. in., Mobile, Pensacola, storm center ipparently approaching the mouth of the Mississippi. Considered dangerous for vessels bound for middle and west Gulf ports.”
The warning was hoisted at once, and the information given to the oublic by bulletins, and through the afternoon papers. Several ship japtains were advised not to sail.
Light rain began at 11 p. in., of the 13tli, and ended at 12.30 a. m.of ,he Hth; began again at 7:40 a. in., and ended at 7:42 u. m.; amount at S a. m., 0.02 inch. A rainbow was observed in the west at 7:40 a.m. ?resh to brisk southeast windsduring the night, increased to high dur-ng the morning of the 14th, and with the incoming of the tide backed he water of the bay into the river. By noon the water had come awash of the top of the wharfs along the city front, causing some apprehension to business houses located thereon. The office was crowded vith people and the telephone rang continually. The southeast wind ncreased, attaining a maximum velocity of 42 miles per hour at 12:55 i. m., attended by heavy rainfall. Brisk southeast winds prevailed after 1:45 p. m., with showers ut intervals, varying from light to heavy. The following message was received from the Central Office at 3:23 p. tn\: “Continue southeast storm warning 3 p. m. Storm central near noutli of Mississippi, apparently moving northward. Unsafe for ves-els to leave for west Gulf points this evening or to-night.”
This information w as distributed by telephone and bulletins. Rain ended at 6 p. m., the amount tu S p. m. being 0.40 inch. Cloudy and hreatening weather all the evening, and fresh to brisk southeast winds
0	midnight.
On the 15th light rain began at 12:50 a. m. and continued in showers varying from light to heavy through the night, with wind in gusts, varying from fresh to brisk; amount of rain at 8 a. m., 1.07 inch. The lay opened stormy and threatening, with high southeast winds alter
1	a. m., which attained a maximum velocity of 30 miles per hour at :05 a. m ; decidedly cooler, the maximum’temperature lor the day
being 70° and the minimum 74°. There was a slight lull in the wind rom 7:30 to 8:40 a. m., when it increased suddenly, attaining a maxi-oum velocity of 41 miles southeast at 8:42 a. m.; it continued high outheast to noon. The barometer fell all the forenoon, and read 29.74 nches at 8 a. m. and 29.05 at noon. The following readings were made during the afternoon, all readings being reduced to sea level: 3 p m.. 60; 3:30 p. m., 29 54 ; 4 p. m., 29.50; 4:30 p. m., 29.47; 5 p. m., 29.42; :30 p. m., 29.38; 6 p. m., 29 34; 6:30 p. m.. 29.32; 7 p. in., 29.32: 7:30 p. a., 29.32 ; 8 p. m., 29.32, and 9 p. m., 29.33 inches. All telegraph wires ere working badly, and our circuit reports were not received until 11 4.. m. On the weather map the following advice was given the TMiblic:
“A storm of severity shows on this morning’s chart in the vicinity f New Orleans, La. High southeast winds will prevail throughout ie day, causing continued high water on the river front at Mobile, Ala., and it is deemed advisable for persons holding perishable goods move them to a place of safety, as the full intensity of the storm has ot been felt, and every indication shows that in its movement it will use dangerous gales along the coast.”
The office was crowded with representatives of business houses on the river front, the telephone lang continually, and merchants pre-red to elevate goods on the river ifront.
The following advisory message was received from the Central Office 11:20 a. m.:
“ Center of Gulf storm approaching coast between mouth of Missis-i and Galveston. Slorm becoming very severe. Dangerous for ves-r any class to sail westward to-day.” *
•’furmation was issued by the afternoon press, to those seeking at the office and over the telephone, to vessels on the river
front, and to interested persons in general. At 1 p. m. tin was telegraphed to "Washington:
“ Water over wharf, and three blocks up in the city. Evi viously warned to move goods.”
An effort was made to get information from Fort Morg: miles down the bay, on the Gulf, but the wire had been i early in the morning.
An order from the Central Oflice to continue southeast si ing at 3 p. m. was received at 2:30 p. m.:
“Continue southeast storm warning 3 p. m. Hurrieant were ordered this morning on Louisiana and east Texas coas apparently increasing in intensity. Violent southeast galef to-night to southerly and southwest, on Mississippi, Alai northwest Florida coasts.”
This information was distributed by the afternoon papt bulletin and telephone- Many persons were in the office v advices regarding the storm, and as a result of this warning precautions were taken for the removal of goods to higher i It was impossible to semi this warning and the advisory me viously received to Biloxi, Scranton, and Fort Morgan, our i stations, as all wires were down to [Joints west and south of
The rain became heavy at 11 a.m., increased with the w m., and continued until 7 p.m.. when the wind shifted to s( fall from 8 a. m. to 8 p. m., 3.79 inches. Rainfall for twenty-ending 8 p. m. 10th, 5.44 inches; total from the beginning of 5.84 inchcs.
The barometer fell at the rate of .05 inch per hour until 0 then continued stationary to S:3(> p.m., when the wind southwest. The barometer then rose rapidly, and watchin river front were informed that the danger had passed.
The wind continued brisk to high southeasterly throuj afternoon, increased in force after 4 p. m. and continued hi p. m. The storm was most severe from 5:15 to 0:30 p. m. time of highest velocity was 5:50 p.m., when "» maximum o southeast occurred, with an extreme velocity of 78 miles, velocity averaged from 50 to 00 miles an hour between 5 a After the wind changed to southerly at 7 p. in. it showed a g: crease to 22 miles southwest at midnight.
The greatest source of damage feared from the storm was th of water into the river, and this continued during the 14th The water had been awash of the wharfs from 12 m. to 1 p. 14th. At 10 a.m. on the 15th it began to come over the w from this time on it came in very rapidly, rising at the rati an hour. By 1 p. m. it hud come up into the streets three bio the river front. At 3:30 p. in. the water was 5 feet over the v it continued to rise until 7 p. m., reaching to within half a bit Government Building, which is located five blocks from the ri Boais were going about this part of the citv. The water beg!
riooiinc£rd 8hiftt'a 10
The height of the water did not equal by 1 foot thestagt duiing the hurricane of October 2. 1893. During that memora the water was (i feet over the wharf, the maximum wind southeast, with an extreme velocity of 80 miles, and the wate: the street car tracks on Koval street, one-fourth block farthe: during the recent storm.
During the storm business was suspended throughout the d chants everywhere gave heed to the warnings, and as soon as t received began to move all perishable goods to a safe elevatio
People waded waist deep, directing the moving of goods. M who came to this office late in the evening informed me that, the Bureau’s warnings, their icsses would be slight.
The warnings issued by the Bureau during the approach of t’, constituted a chain of perfect links. The work of the Bu highly commended and appreciated by the community, and m do not hesitate to admit that, had they not been notified, tin would have been incalculable.
The streetcars stopped running at 3 p. tn. Boats in the ri' up to Twelve Mile Island to a safe anchorage. Everything in lied fast. No trains arrived during the 10th, and none left.
The office force remained on duty until 12 midnight, wiien ger of the storin had passed.
The wind continued fresh from the southwest through th and on the morning of the lGih it had diminished to light, w and cool weather, in marked contrast with the conditions of vious day.
The streets were littered with limbs of trees, and the river f strewn several feet deep with drift wood. Immense saw lo feet in diameter had floated up the street to witiiin a half bloc Government Building, or four and one-half blocks above t! front.
The damage within the city was slight The Bay Shell Koa below the city from Frascati to Monroe Park, and points be! washed away entirely. A number of small craft, mostly priv ing yachts, were lost. Bath houses along the eastern shore of Bay, and along the Gulf coast between Mobile and New Orleai washed awnv ATfict nf	-	1