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NEW ORLEANS YESTERDAY AND TODAY
settlement of Louisiana, first at Biloxi (now Ocean Springs, Mississippi) and later Mobile. Iberville, of a famous French Canadian family, won fame as a soldier, sailor, and explorer and was known as the Canadian Cid. He died in Havana of yellow fever, while campaigning against the English.
Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville (1680-1768), who accompanied his brother, Iberville, to Louisiana at the age of nineteen, was the founder of New Orleans in 1718.
For more than four decades he served France in Louisiana in positions of command, sometimes as governor of the colony. He died in Paris in a house on the rue Vivienne, now marked by a plaque.
John Law (1671-1729), a mathematical and financial wizard, organized a bank, invented paper money, and established the Company of the West to settle and exploit Louisiana. It was the Scotsman Law who ordered the founding of New Orleans, which he named for his friend Philippe, due d?Orleans, the regent for the child king, Louis XV. Law bankrupted France, but he settled Louisiana.
Antonio de Ulloa (1716-1795) was the first Spanish governor of Louisiana. Although a distinguished naval officer and a brilliant
A GALLERY OF PORTRAITS
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scientist, he was devoid of talents as an administrator and his relations with the Creoles went from bad to worse, sparking a bloodless revolution in 1768. The Creoles expelled Ulloa in this, the first revolution in the Americas against a European monarch.
Alexander O'Reilly (1725?1794), Irishman turned Spanish general, came to New Orleans in 1769 at the head of 2,600 troops to suppress the revolution. Because, on orders of the Spanish Crown, he tried the leaders of the conspiracy and executed five of them, history has unjustly called him ?Bloody" O'Reilly. In fact, he was just, mild, and able and he firmly established Spain in Louisiana.
Bernardo de Galvez (1746-1786) was governor of Louisiana during the American Revolution, and his administration was marked by his aid to the Ainericans in supplying arms, powder, and ammunition through the American agent, Oliver Pollock. Other significant events in Galvez's regime were the capture from the British of Manchac, Baton Rouge, and Natchez (1779), Mobile (1780), and Pensacola (1781).
Oliver Pollock (1737-1823), Irish-born American merchant in New Orleans, was granted privileges by Spanish authorities for making flour available to O'Reilly at a fair price. As agent for the Continental Congress and Virginia, Pollock pledged his fortune in the American cause as he induced Galvez to aid the colonists in their struggle with England. No one contributed more financially than did Pollock.